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Commerce – Optional (Preliminary Examination)
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Part-I
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| Accounting and Auditing ;
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Accounting
Nature, Scope and Objectives of
Accounting-Accounting as an Information System-Users of Accounting
Information.
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Generally
Accepted Principles of Accounting-The Accounting Equation-Accrual
Concept-Other concepts and conventions, Distinction between capital and
revenue expenditure. Accounting Standards and their application-Accounting
standards relating to fixed assets, depreciation, inventory, recognition
of revenue.
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Final
Accounts of Sole Proprietors, Partnership Firms and Limited
Companies-Statutory Provisions -Reserves, Provisions and Funds.
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| Final Accounts of non profit
organisation.
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| Accounting problems related to admission
and retirement of a partner and dissolution of a firm.
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| Accounting for Shares and Debentures-
Accounting Treatment of Convertible Debentures.
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Analysis and
Interpretation of Financial Statements Ratio analysis and interpretation.
Ratios relation to short term liquidity, long term solvency and
profitability-Importance of the rate of return on investment (ROI) in
evaluating the overall performance of a business entity-Cash-flow
Statement and Statement of Source and Application of Funds-Societal
obligations of Accounting.
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| Auditing
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| - Nature, objectives and basic
principles of auditing.
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| - Techniques of Auditing-physical
verification, examination of documents and vouching, direct confirmation,
analytical review.
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| - Planning an audit, audit programmes,
working papers, audit process.
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| - Evaluation of internal controls.
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| - Test checking and sampling.
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| - Broad outlines of company audit.
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| - Audit of non-corporate enterprises.
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| - Internal and management audit.
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Part-II
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| Business Organisation
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| Distinctive features of different forms
of business organisation.
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Sole
Proprietor
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| Partnerships-characteristics,
Registration, Partnership deed, Rights and duties, Retirement,
Dissolution.
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| Joint Stock Company-Concept,
characteristics, types.
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| Cooperative and State ownership forms of
organizations.
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| Types of securities and methods of their
issue.
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Economic
functions of the capital market, stock exchanges, Mutual Funds. Control
and regulation of capital market.
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Business
combinations; control of Monopolies. Problems of modernisation of
industrial enterprises. Social Responsibility of business.
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Foreign
Trade-Procedure and financing of import and export trade. Incentives for
export promotion. Financing of foreign trade.
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| Insurance-Principles and practice of
Life, Fire, Marine and General Insurance.
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Management
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Management
functions-Planning-strategies, Organising-levels of authority Staffing,
Line function and staff function, Leadership, Communication, Motivation,
Directing-Principles, Strategies.
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| Coordination-Concept, types, methods.
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| Control-principles, performance
standards, corrective action. Salary and wage administration-Job
evaluation.
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Organisation
Structure-Centralization and decentralization-Delegation of authority-span
of control-Management by Objectives and Management by Exception.
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| Management of change; Crisis Management.
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Office
Management-scope and principles; systems and routines; handling of
records- modern aids to Office management; office equipment and machines;
Automation and Personal computers.
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| Impact of Organisation and Methods (O
& M)
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Company
Law
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Joint stock
companies-incorporation; documents and formalities-Doctrine of indoor
management and constructive notice.
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| Duties and powers of the board of
directors of a company.
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| Accounts and Audit of Companies.
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| Company
Secretary-role and functions-qualifications for appointment. |
